Orwell Dev-C is a full-featured Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for the C/C programming language. It uses Mingw port of GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) as its compiler. Jun 05, 2018 To overcome this we need a user defined data type. In this tutorial I am going to explain how easily we will deal with these situations using structures in C programming language. What is structure in C? Structure is a user defined data type. It is a collection of different data type, to create a new data type.
Structure is a group of variables of different data types represented by a single name. Lets take an example to understand the need of a structure in C programming.
Dev C Programming Structure Pdf Download
Lets say we need to store the data of students like student name, age, address, id etc. One way of doing this would be creating a different variable for each attribute, however when you need to store the data of multiple students then in that case, you would need to create these several variables again for each student. This is such a big headache to store data in this way.
We can solve this problem easily by using structure. We can create a structure that has members for name, id, address and age and then we can create the variables of this structure for each student. This may sound confusing, do not worry we will understand this with the help of example.
How to create a structure in C Programming
We use struct keyword to create a structure in C. The struct keyword is a short form of structured data type.
Here struct_name can be anything of your choice. Members data type can be same or different. Once we have declared the structure we can use the struct name as a data type like int, float etc.
Dev C Programming Structure Conclusion
Precision tune auto care hillcrest road mobile al. First we will see the syntax of creating struct variable, accessing struct members etc and then we will see a complete example.
How to declare variable of a structure?
or
How to access data members of a structure using a struct variable?How to assign values to structure members?
There are three ways to do this.
1) Using Dot(.) operator
2) All members assigned in one statement
3) Designated initializers – We will discuss this later at the end of this post.
Example of Structure in C
Output:
Nested Structure in C: Struct inside another struct
You can use a structure inside another structure, which is fairly possible. As I explained above that once you declared a structure, the struct struct_name acts as a new data type so you can include it in another struct just like the data type of other data members. Sounds confusing? Don’t worry. The following example will clear your doubt.
Example of Nested Structure in C Programming
Lets say we have two structure like this:
Structure 1: stu_address
Structure 2: stu_data
As you can see here that I have nested a structure inside another structure.
Assignment for struct inside struct (Nested struct)
Lets take the example of the two structure that we seen above to understand the logic
How to access nested structure members?
Using chain of “.” operator.
Suppose you want to display the city alone from nested struct – Use of typedef in Structure
typedef makes the code short and improves readability. In the above discussion we have seen that while using structs every time we have to use the lengthy syntax, which makes the code confusing, lengthy, complex and less readable. The simple solution to this issue is use of typedef. It is like an alias of struct.
Code without typedef
Code using tyepdef
Instead of using the struct home_address every time you need to declare struct variable, you can simply use addr, the typedef that we have defined.
Designated initializers to set values of Structure members
We have already learned two ways to set the values of a struct member, there is another way to do the same using designated initializers. This is useful when we are doing assignment of only few members of the structure. In the following example the structure variable s2 has only one member assignment.
Output:
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